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Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand | Buy jingdezhen porcelain and ceramics
Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

  • Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand
  • Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand
  • Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand
  • Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand
  • Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

product parameters:

  • item no: 135215463
  • main photo source: independent film figure
  • whether manual: is
  • popular element: the wind restoring ancient ways
  • style: Chinese style

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永乐青花瓷砖。长宽约20CM,厚约2CM

今天无论是家庭还是酒店宾馆,瓷砖是最为常见的建筑装饰材料之一,广泛使用。但这种广泛使用也只是近几十年的事。不过,用瓷器做砖这件事,却并不是现代人的发明。最早还要追溯到六百多年前的明代永乐时期。并且,是和我们现在一样,是当作建筑装饰材料来使用的。虽然后世一直也有瓷砖的烧造,但基本上都是很小的局部装饰,作为整体大型建筑的装饰,只此一例。在当时,到底是怎样的一种瓷砖,为什么之后又没有了呢?

 马未都先生在《百家讲坛》中有一讲是讲永宣青花的,其中就说到了他早年收到了这样一块砖。不但是瓷砖,还有画面,有青花的装饰。我们现在觉得有青花的装饰司空见惯,但要知道,永宣时期的青花瓷,不但是整个人类历史上青花瓷成就最高的一个时期,而且当时的青花瓷造价高昂。

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

青花瓷在永宣时期出现了一个高峰。因为历史上根本就不知道有元青花的存在,所以古人一直认为青花瓷的第一座高峰是永宣青花,也是最高峰。对其推崇备致。为什么永宣青花有这么高的地位?

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

元青花云龙纹象耳瓶(大英博物馆藏)

 一是色彩的美,二是水墨效果。

永宣青花使用进口的苏泥泊(苏麻离)青料,它最大的优点,是其在适当的温度和烧造气氛中能够呈现出宝石般纯正、浓艳的蓝色。无疑,好的青花,首先就是好的蓝色。这种原料上的优点,在永宣青花上表现得淋漓尽致。但物极必反,在绘制和烧造过程中,常常因为色料太浓而出现所谓“铁锈斑”。这个明显的技术缺陷,在古人眼里,并不成为一种缺憾,甚至因为“铁锈斑”的出现,就像国画中的浓墨,使得整件器物在色彩的层次上更为丰富,浓淡深浅的变化显得更为饱满。

 Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by handYongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

明永乐青花海水江崖纹三足炉

这种进口青花料的另一个特点,是本身所产生的蕴散效果,类似毛笔在生宣上着墨一般。从工艺的角度说,这并不是值得夸耀的优点,因为这种蕴散不易控制,而且使轮廓变得不那么肯定和清晰,以至永宣青花极少有人物出现。

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

明永乐青花折枝花纹八方烛台

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

明永乐青花缠枝莲纹花浇Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

明永乐青花菊瓣纹鸡心碗

这些效果被另一种绘制的技法所加强。那就是以小笔触填涂块面,一笔一笔堆垛填除、相互交搭,使深浅浓淡的变化和水墨韵味更加淋漓尽致。后世为了再现此一效果,在技术上想尽办法,但始终不能令人十分满意。比如清代雍乾官窑为了模仿铁锈斑,还产生了一种叫点工的技法,就是在某个局部多堆一些青花料,进而发展成为一种装饰手法,以点的密集程度来表达浓淡的变化。

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

长物居 仿雍正青花点工三果纹梅瓶

无疑,上述这些原料和技术上的特点——优点和缺点;使永宣青花与传统绘画变得更为亲近,其艺术品味也得到了巨大的提升,也就更为文人士大夫所青睐和推崇。多数时候,惊人的成就往往不为刻意的追求所得,所谓无心插柳,其实是一种难得的境界。

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

明永乐青压手杯

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand明宣德青花折枝花纹背壶

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand明永乐青花缠枝花纹折沿盆

现在我们再回到刚才的永乐青花瓷砖。

任何一件永宣时期官窑青花瓷,到现在都是国宝。在当时也是造价不菲。实际上,制造一块这样的瓷砖,并不比烧造一个瓷瓶容易,甚至还要更难。即使是现在,烧造这样的一块瓷砖,再把它用做建筑材料,成本之高,也要令人咂舌。

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

明宣德青花云龙纹天球瓶

到底是为什么要用这样的瓷砖?又是用在什么地方呢?

答案是:大报恩寺的九层五色琉璃宝塔 。据说是永乐皇帝为了纪念生母马皇后而建,尽管永乐皇帝的生母到底是谁,史学届还有争议,但塔的兴建却是事实。

 据记载这座塔高80米,98面,周长百米。工程耗时近20年,使用的匠人和军工达10万人,耗资248.5万两白银。 自建成至衰毁一直是中国最高的建筑,也是世界建筑史上的奇迹。

这样的建筑用上了永乐青花瓷砖,也就不足为怪了。

 Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

金陵大报恩寺九层五色琉璃宝塔

可惜的是大报恩寺毁于太平天国的战乱。而塔内所用的瓷砖偶有流入民间。事实上,永乐之后,也再没有出现过烧造瓷砖以供建筑装饰的,偶有所见,或用作文房器物(砚屏之类),或做些建筑上的点缀

前两年,马未都先生在广西卫视的收藏马未都节目中,又看到一块这样的瓷砖,不过是仿品,仿得还不够好。前几天忽又想起,倒是觉得如果恢复到它本来的用途,倒是一件非常有趣的事情,并且,这样的瓷砖,还能派上无穷的用途。比如放在桌上,可以当壶承;嵌进桌里,会是有意思的设计;做过框,可以当装饰,或者变成茶盘;又或者最土豪的做法,就是真的做成地砖或墙砖!如何用,在乎自己的想像与创造,瓷砖,便是一个素材。

不过要做这样一块瓷砖,也不是一件简单的事情。瓷砖比瓷板厚得多,烧成的难度就会大大的增加,古人讲“一方顶十圆”,而瓷砖的制作,就是与方器的工艺基本一致。绘画上,要模仿永乐时期的风格,形神兼备。比起一块二十公分高的青花瓶,工艺的难度要更大,烧成的风险也更高。

我们找好师父,尝试的做了一块,并不特别满意,但基本上是我们想要的感觉。于是准备安排生产。 

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

Yongle square brick offered home - cooked view flavour in hand - made of blue and white porcelain of jingdezhen ceramic tea set porcelain plate decoration by hand

 

 

 

 

 
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